China is actively using cyber platforms as a propaganda tool to spread its cultural and socialist values, and has expanded its influence on mobile games. IT companies or the online game industry are closely involved in China's cyber influence operations. The companies are in close cooperation with the Chinese government’s Internet censorship policies and in support of the Communist Party leadership. This research found that Chinese online game companies control Korean users' chats, usernames, and messages based on the top-ranked Chinese game lists in Korea. China's censorship of keywords in online games focuses on the language and words such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, Tibet, and Xinjiang, which are classified as sensitive words in China, as well as historical events and national hate speech. These keywords were closely in line with the list of prohibited content in the terms of service. In addition, our analysis of the game's privacy policy revealed that there was extensive collection of the private information of game users. Some of the games explicitly state that chat content may be subject to monitoring. In particular, national security and government requests are cited as justifications for sharing data with third parties under Chinese regulations. As China tightens its control over the Internet, especially as it extends to data and algorithmic control, it may pose even more serious threats to digital authoritarianism, data security, individual privacy, Internet freedom, and human rights.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the specific effects and inherent mechanisms of online dance activities on the happiness of the elderly, and to build a theoretical model. This study seeks to verify the rationality and validity of the theoretical model through empirical research, aiming to provide value that can be referenced in subsequent research. This study suggests that online dance activities can significantly enhance the subjective well-being of the elderly, and that this effect can be achieved through the mediating role of strengthened perceived social support and the basic psychological needs satisfaction. Additionally, it was found that online dance activities can have a positive impact on the subjective well-being of the elderly. Through this research, we expect to enrich and expand the theoretical framework of research on the happiness of the elderly, and to provide useful guidelines and suggestions for practical work, potentially promoting happier lives for the elderly.

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In view of the serious social harm caused by internet service providers' assistance to the third party’s tortious act, the Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law added the crime of refusing to fulfill the information and network security management obligation and the crime of providing assistance in criminal activities via information network, and turning ISP's accomplice into the perpetrator. Meanwhile, through the examination of the legislative text of the Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law and ISPs who bear and do not bear criminal liability respectively in the cases of infringement of copyright of film and television works by Tianjin "Jiji Cinema" and the case of infringement of copyright of written works by Shanghai Zhiqi Investment Consulting Co., Ltd., it is found that the lack of legislation on this function and it’s in conflict with the judicial practice, which shows a state of anomie. The state of anomie, specifically embodied in the criminal law, which ignores the judicial application of the possible competing charges, ISPs to assume criminal liability for third-party prosecution procedures on the dependence of ISPs to independently assume criminal liability, and the lack of ISPs from the administrative penalties to the criminal accountability procedures of the scientific mechanism. Therefore, on the basis of adhering to the problem orientation, it is possible to establish a recourse procedure for ISPs to independently assume criminal liability in judicial practice, establish a special administrative review mechanism for ISPs to transfer the criminal liability procedure, construct a strict scientific procedure for the transfer of administrative penalties to the criminal liability of ISPs, and amend the existing criminal law norms at the legislative level in accordance with the theory of "division of labor + role" and "complicity". Optimization paths, such as amendments to existing criminal law norms at the legislative level in accordance with the "division of labor + role" theory of complicity, and other optimization paths, provide mechanism safeguards for the application of accomplice into the perpetrator.

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This study explores why and how China, which traditionally had the identity of a continental power, has attempted maritime expansion, and what the geopolitical implications are. China began to recognize the importance of the ocean in the wake of the Opium War and has been pursuing long-term and gradual strengthening of sea power since it became aware that securing sea power was essential for national sovereignty after the outbreak of the Taiwan issue and the Korean War. Since the end of Hu Jintao's rule and Xi Jinping's succession, China has been actively promoting maritime expansion, claiming to be a “maritime great power.” In China, the ocean was a taboo and a target to defend, but is now recognized as an essential space for rising as a great power. China's maritime expansion has consequently sharpened the rivalry between the continental power and the maritime power, the United States and China, and and triggered a competition for maritime hegemony between the two countries. The U.S. is strengthening its alliance to curb China's maritime expansion. Yet, the alliance that were traditionally concluded for security, is taking on a more multi-layered and comprehensive character. Security instability surrounding China's waters is also increasing. The Yellow Sea, where Korea and China face, cannot be said to have no possibility of intentional or accidental clashes. Amid the U.S.-China conflict that has spread to maritime competition, South Korea's strategic opportunity, which has pursued a hedging strategy like “security with the U.S. and economy with China” after establishing diplomatic ties between Seoul and Beijing, is highly likely to diminish in the future.

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Based on the theory of asset reorganization, this paper expounds the concept of real estate non-performing assets, analyzes the causes of the formation of non-performing assets from four aspects, then summarizes the main disposal methods of real estate non-performing assets at present. On this basis, it puts forward the definition of real estate “relief agent construction” and “public debt”, analyzes the characteristics and makes a specific explanation of project investment standards from multiple dimensions. With the limited partnership fund, the real estate non-performing asset relief agent construction model structure is established, and the loan of the rescue agent enjoys the withdrawal of priority creditor's rights in the form of public welfare debt, whose process is implemented through five steps. It analyzes the case of JK Company by using the rescue agent construction model to revitalize a residential non-performing assets project, then focuses on the structural design of the rescue agent construction model, summarizes the risk control measures and lessons. It believes that this model is feasible for the revitalization of sales type residential buildings, with good social and economic effects, which will further improve and enrich the theoretical research and social practice of real estate asset-light development and operation.

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China had increasingly emerged as a nation threatening U.S. in the global market, along with the complication and digitalization of the global supply chain and the development of high-tech technology, and tries to newly reorganize the international order, according to the international trend, the economic security and the rearrangement of the global supply chain. Korea, which has kept close relationship with both U.S. and China, now faces a new coming crisis. Moreover, the economic security emerged as an important issue in the Korean society, as it has underwent China's THAAD retaliation, Japan's semiconductor export control measures, the South Korea-China urea crisis, etc. Above all, it is important to quickly response to the tendency of Chinese relevant policies and laws, to cope with a huge amount of tasks such as the Korean safe supply chain, the establishment of economic security, protection of important infrastructures and data, and prevention from technology leakages. The Chinese government makes effort to actively respond to the U.S.‘s sanctions on China and take the lead in the competition for technology hegemony with U.S.. It introduced the‘dual circulation(双循环) development strategy’, which seeks out the diversification of supply chains through the establishment of the red supply chain(红色供应链) and one belt one road initiative(一带一路), and simultaneously aims to sinicizing local supply chains. In addition, it began to develop legal measures for reinforcing the export control of strategic goods, applying sanctions on foreign companies and individuals, which threaten the Chinese national security, and taking measures to cope with the control of export to China, and is expected to continuously maintain related laws in the future. Korea needs to carefully examine such movement of China, extend and reorganize the intermediate goods/manufacturing industry-based Korea-China trade structure into consumer goods/service industry, and also internally intensify the high-tech superpower strategy.

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This study aims to identify the factors that affect consumers' intention to use second-hand trading apps in the rapidly growing second-hand trading market in China. Based on the Value-based Adoption Model, this study verified the relationship between perceived benefits, perceived sacrifice, perceived value, and intention to use of second-hand trading app users. A survey was conducted with 235 individuals who had previous experience with second-hand trading, and the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that perceived benefits (usefulness, enjoyment) have a positive impact on perceived value. This can be interpreted as consumers perceiving that using second-hand trading apps is beneficial in terms of being able to easily and quickly purchase desired items, as well as saving time and effort. Such perception of usefulness by consumers positively influences the perceived value. In addition, the more consumers perceive that they are interested and enjoyable while browsing second-hand goods or change their mood while using second-hand trading apps, it has a positive effect on perceived value. Second, security as a perceived sacrifice has a negative effect on perceived value, but product uncertainty as a perceived sacrifice has no negative effect on perceived value. If consumers perceive security risks during the transaction process of using second-hand trading apps, it can be considered to have a negative impact on perceived value. On the other hand, product uncertainty was found to have no significant influence on perceived value, considering the possibility that consumers participating in transactions are aware that the actual product quality may differ from their expectations due to the nature of second-hand trading. Third, perceived value has a positive effect on intention to use. It can be seen that the more people perceive that using a second-hand transaction app is worthwhile, the more they want to use the second-hand transaction app continuously.

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In the 21st century, the landscape of the economy has been reshaped by entrepreneurship, with college students in China emerging as central figures in driving innovation. Among the provinces in China, Sichuan stands out due to its substantial student population and the significant number of graduates produced by its higher education institutions annually. However, the economic situation has taken a downturn due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, exacerbating the challenges faced by college graduates in their job search endeavors within China. This scenario necessitates the Chinese government to revamp entrepreneurial policies, ensuring their continued relevance in this changing environment. In this context, the current study examines the policy documents concerning innovative entrepreneurship among college students in Sichuan Province. The objective is to decipher the policy’s trajectory and provide recommendations for improvement. Employing Nvivo12 software as the analytical tool, this study dissects the policy documents based on Rothwell and Zegveld's policy classification framework, which encompasses three fundamental categories: environmental factors, supply-related elements, and demand-related components. Nvivo12 is utilized to scrutinize excerpts from policy documents, concentrating on the distribution of supply, demand, and environmental aspects. Consequently, this investigation delves into the focal points and subjects highlighted in the policy documents while assessing the interconnectedness of the policy tools. The findings underscore a relatively equitable distribution of the three policy tools supporting innovative entrepreneurship among college students in Sichuan Province. Nonetheless, the distribution of subcategories within these policy types diverges from the overall pattern. This misalignment suggests a need to adjust and optimizing the polices aimed at fostering innovative entrepreneurship among college students in Sichuan, striving for a harmonized approach. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of Sichuan Province formulating a policy ecosystem that seamlessly integrates with local dynamics while advocating for the overarching establishment of a new national framework for innovative entrepreneurship, a vision the Chinese government should champion. Ultimately, the study underscores the imperative for Sichuan Province to cultivate a sustainable and standardized policy framework for innovative entrepreneurship among college students. This framework should be adaptable and implementable through collaborative efforts among various government entities.

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