The Yangtze River Economic Belt in China covers 11 provincesand cities,with an areaof approximately 205.23 million square kilometers, accounting for 21.4% ofthe country's total land area. It spans acrossthe three major regions of eastern, central, western, and eastern China,and holdsan important national development position.The green development ofthe Yangtze River Economic Beltin Chinais an important deployment and implementation of sustainable development concepts such as "ecological priority, green development" and "joint efforts to protect and avoid large-scale development". Taking 48 legal publicity and education bases located in 11 provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China as samples,ArcGIS 10.8 software was usedto comprehensively analyzethe spatial agglomeration, density characteristics, and spatial correlation of legal publicityand education basesin the Yangtze River Economic Beltusing kernel densityanalysis, local correlation index, and other methods;And comprehensively usingmultiple statistical analysismethods such as overlay analysis, buffer zone analysis, and correlation analysisto explorethe impact of socio-economic factorssuch as economic development, urban radiation,and transportation networks onthe spatial distributionof legal publicityand education bases. The in-depthstudy and visualizationof the spatial differentiation and influencing factors of the legal propaganda base in the Yangtze River Economic Belt isa breakthrough in traditional theoretical research.No longer limited to policy requirements, theoretical exploration should be conducted from the aspects of the subject, methods or media, content, object or target of legal publicity and education. Instead, empirical research is conducted using ArcGIS spatial analysis tools to reveal the clustering characteristics, correlation patterns, and coupling mechanisms of geographical elements in its spatial distribution, and to explore the actual needs of China's current rule of law construction and propaganda education. The researchresults indicate that the legal publicity and education bases in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China exhibit an uneven spatial distribution pattern, with agglomeration areas mainly concentrated at the borders of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, and Hubei provinces, as well as the borders of Jiangxi and Hunan provinces, and the Sichuan Chongqing region with the provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Hubei. Their connectivity features are significant, but there is no spatial correlation within them; Chongqing and Shanghai, as municipalities directly under the Yangtze River Economic Belt, show a high agglomeration trend; The leading role ofpolicy environment, the driving role ofeconomic development, the radiatingroleof central cities, and the supporting role oftransportation conditions jointly affect the spatial differentiation ofthe legal propaganda base in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The research results are not only beneficial for us to understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the "uneven distribution, local aggregation, and lack of central and western regions" in the legal publicity and education bases of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China, but also for us to explore the influencing factors behind the problem, further optimize and balance the legal development environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and promote the improvement of the national legal education bases. At the same time, it can also provide problem orientation, research methods, analysis strategies, and solutions for the construction of various legal education bases or other legal platforms in countries such as South Korea. Remind all countries to pay attention to the fair distribution of national legal resources and citizens' right to education in the spatial dimension, balance the efficiency of legal education with individual fairness, focus on the dissemination of the rule of law under national institutional innovation, and use a spatial justice perspective to ensure that different groups have equal opportunities to receive legal education.

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In the digital era, the value tensions in network identity authentication regulations are primarily manifested in the structural conflicts between security and privacy rights, as well as between public interests and individual freedoms. The current regulatory system is in a dilemma due to legislative principle disconnections, fragmented technical standards, and regulatory lag. On the one hand, laws such as the Cybersecurity Law and the Personal Information Protection Law lack a unified framework for connection, leading to a competition of values such as security, efficiency, and fairness. The widespread application of biometric recognition technology is in direct conflict with the “minimum necessity principle.” On the other hand, the “industry-based fragmentation, regional differentiation, and static updating” of technical standards weaken the effectiveness of authentication. Emerging technologies such as blockchain and federated learning face a governance vacuum due to regulatory lag. Based on the dynamic balance theory, this paper proposes a collaborative governance framework of “risk adaptation-rights and responsibilities equilibrium-technology controllability” to reconstruct the underlying logic of network identity authentication legislation. Specifically, by reconciling value conflicts through a scenario-based grading authentication mechanism, differentiating high-sensitivity scenarios such as government affairs and finance from medium and low-risk scenarios such as social networking and e-commerce, and implementing differentiated authentication standards. The “government rule-making-platform technical trusteeship-user data sovereignty” trinity governance structure reshapes the allocation of rights and responsibilities, clarifying that the government leads the supply of basic services, platforms fulfill technical trusteeship obligations, and users exercise control over data flow. Relying on the dynamic migration mechanism of domestic cryptographic algorithms and distributed identity authentication technology, an encryption system resistant to quantum attacks and cross-domain mutual recognition agreements are constructed to balance digital sovereignty and global governance needs. At the same time, institutional improvement strategies emphasize shifting legislative principles from “security first” to dynamic balance, building a “three-tier risk classification” model, strengthening the full-cycle supervision of certification authorities, and unifying technical specifications through a “basic common standards + industry-specific standards” layered architecture. This approach breaks through the traditional “regulation-confrontation” logic, responds to technological challenges such as quantum hegemony and deep fakes with resilient rule of law, promotes the deep integration of technological governance and the rule of law civilization, and provides a Chinese paradigm for global cyberspace governance.

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The emergence of ride-hailing applications as an innovative mode of transportation has profoundly impacted people's commuting patterns. A mobile app offers a convenient, real-time booking service for taxis or private cars. Even within a very short time span, responses of nearby drivers can be provided to the user, and the waiting time can be substantially reduced, turning travel into a more efficient, time-saving, and comfortable experience. In the past few years, ride-hailing applications have become the most popular choice among travel modes. However, the reasons for using these apps extend beyond mere convenience and are related to the user's overall approval of the software. According to behavioral motivations, an individual's behavior in a specific environment is influenced by many variables.This paper aims to study the application of ride-hailing in China, focusing on the factors influencing the adoption of these services among young people in Chongqing. The study employs the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to analyze the adoption of ride-hailing applications, considering three key dimensions: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk.An extensive survey was conducted, inviting 391 respondents from Chongqing. The survey measured the hypotheses related to perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis.The results revealed significant associations between the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, and the adoption of ride-hailing applications among young people in Chongqing: 1)Perceived Usefulness: A strong positive correlation was found (p-value = 0.000, β-value = 0.180), indicating that users who perceive the apps as useful are more likely to adopt them. 2)Perceived Ease of Use: A significant positive relationship was observed (p-value = 0.001, β-value = 0.166), suggesting that an easy-to-use interface enhances user adoption. 3)Perceived Risk: A positive correlation was noted (p-value = 0.001, β-value = 0.166), indicating that while users are aware of potential risks, they still find the apps acceptable. Reducing perceived risk can further boost adoption rates.The findings provide significant insights for scholars, businesses, and policymakers. By confirming the roles of perceived usefulness, ease of use, and risk perception in technology adoption, this study enhances the understanding of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) within the transportation sector. For ride-hailing companies, the results offer actionable strategies to improve service reliability, user interfaces, and safety features, thereby enhancing user adoption and satisfaction. For policymakers, the study provides guidance on regulating and planning for sustainable ride-hailing services that align with broader goals of innovation and urban sustainability.

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This research constructs a performance evaluation system based on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for strategic performance management of catering enterprises, and conducts empirical validation focusing on a case analysis of Haidilao, a leading Chinese restaurant chain. Through a methodology combining literature review and case analysis, a BSC indicator system tailored to the characteristics of the catering industry was designed, and corporate data and survey results from Haidilao were analyzed. The findings demonstrate clear causal relationships between the four BSC perspectives (Learning & Growth, Internal Processes, Customer, and Financial) at Haidilao. In particular, the research confirmed a virtuous cycle where improvements in the Learning & Growth perspective lead to optimized Internal Processes, which enhance Customer satisfaction and ultimately result in improved Financial performance. The case analysis empirically verified that increased employee training hours, reduced turnover rates, and more innovation proposals contribute to shortened culinary development cycles and improved service response times, leading to higher customer satisfaction and repeat.

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The South Korea’s Indo-Pacific Strategy delineates three visions—freedom, peace, and prosperity—and three principles of cooperation—inclusiveness, trust, and reciprocity. It also outlines nine core lines of effort as its key implementation objectives. This signifies the inaugural occasion on which the South Korean government has independently developed a regional diplomatic and security strategy, embodying the fundamental principles of the Yoon administration's foreign and security policy. This study focuses on the China factor in South Korea's Indo-Pacific strategy, utilizing textual analysis and a level-of-analysis methodology to analyze the strategy's main content, the rationale for its shift in China policy, and its implications for bilateral relations. The findings indicate that the strategy emphasizes strengthening the ROK-U.S. alliance while methodically diminishing economic dependence on China. The research delineates three levels of drivers within the international system, the state and the individual. The Yoon administration's policy preference towards China has transitioned from "balancing" to "counterbalancing." As a result, ROK-China interactions in the political, security, economic, technological, and regional cooperation spheres within the Indo-Pacific currently demonstrate a competitive-cooperative duality, significantly influencing bilateral relations.

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The Hukou(户口) was introduced to China in 1958 with the implementation of the ‘Hukou Registration Ordinance’. The Hukou is a combination of resident registration system and family register system in Korea. Since then, all Chinese citizens have been divided into agricultural and non-agricultural Hukou, making it impossible to move from their Hukou location to other areas. With the start of the reform and opening policy in 1979, workers from rural areas flowed into the city. Accordingly, a temporary residence system was created in 1985 to allow residents to live in other regions. Since then, reform measures have been taken such as the Green Hukou(1992) and the small town Hukou(1997). In September 2007, Shenzhen issued resident certificates to outsiders and provided public services equivalent to citizens of Shenzhen. In July 2014, a large-scale reform of the Hukou system was made. The existing Hukou system was eliminated and the resident Hukou system was introduced. The resident Hukou meant moving into the city and enjoying all the rights of urban residents. Since then, each Chinese city has adopted the ‘score accumulation resident Hukou system (SARHS)’. The assessments and prospects derived from the SARHS analysis of the three cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Dalian are as follows. First, looking at the resident Hukou approval rate of major cities, there will be no practical Hukou reform in China. Rather, it is expected to further widen the gap between urban and rural areas, between large cities and medium-sized cities, and between rich and poor cities. Second, looking at the allowable size compared to the urban population, the barrier to entry as the desired urban residents is still high. Third, the central government allowed the establishment of various standards in consideration of the characteristics of each city in the implementation of SARHS.

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This paper focuses on analyzing how the intensifying US-China trade dispute since 2017 has changed the interdependence between the two countries. The analysis targets eight industries with large exports and imports between the US and China, and the analysis period is set from 2010 to 2022, before and after the US-China trade dispute. The empirical analysis was estimated by introducing the Leontief inverse matrix multiplier decomposition of the international industrial input-output model. The analysis results show that the US-China trade dispute has caused a decrease in the US’s dependence on China, while it has caused an increase in China’s dependence on the US. In particular, since 2018, when the US-China trade friction intensified, China’s dependence on the US has increased significantly, resulting in a structural characteristic that greatly induces the production of US industries. This is expected to have a significant impact on the future US-China trade imbalance. In addition, if the US-China trade friction and the resulting competition and confrontation had not occurred since 2017, the US’s dependence on China would have increased further, and the current interdependence between the two countries would have been further strengthened, deepening the industrial and trade linkage structure that induces greater production in the other country.

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Over the last three decades, China has been dependent on investment and exports for economic growth. From mid-1990s, consumption as a share of GDP in China has steadily declined, which is key factor in supporting sustainable and stable economic developments. Since 2008 financial crisis, Chinese government has been pushing toward a consumption-driven growth model and has been boosting domestic demand. The main objective of this study is to analyze household income and consumption growth and consumption structure under the consumption-led growth strategy. First, it examines China’s consumption rate and the changes in economic growth and household income and consumption growth. China’s household final consumption expenditure accounted under 40% of its GDP from mid-2000, compared with around 70% in United States. In China, urban and rural residents’ per capita disposable income and consumption expenditure has been increasing as economic growth. The high APC(average propensity to consume) in rural area suggests that income growth will have a positive effect on consumption. This study uses data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) survey data to estimate Chinese urban household consumption structure in 2010 and 2020, relying on QUAIDS(Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System) model with demographics. The empirical results show that expenditure on transportation, education and housing have been increasing and consumption structure varies across households, with demographic variables such as age of household. Also, the empirical findings indicate that the burden of medical care for elderly household are particularly heavy. Therefore, the fiscal expansion would lead to increases in household consumption in China.

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This article focuses on the strategies of the Trump and Biden administrations in the field of artificial intelligence, exploring the paths and advocacy demands for China and South Korea to participate in global governance of artificial intelligence. Both the Trump and Biden administrations in the United States have emphasized the need for the United States to gain leadership in the field of artificial intelligence, and in order to do so, they will strengthen cooperation with American allies. Both China and South Korea support the construction of global governance for artificial intelligence under the framework of the United Nations, and both have their own countries participating in and leading the global governance mechanism for artificial intelligence. South Korea has leveraged its diplomacy as a central axis country, hosting the Artificial Intelligence Security Summit and the Governance Conference on Artificial Intelligence in the Military Field through bilateral cooperation with European countries. Although both China and South Korea have formulated global governance initiatives for artificial intelligence, they have not signed each other’s initiative documents. There is currently no relevant dialogue mechanism between the two countries. But there are intersections at the level of third-party cooperation.

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