The North Korean nuclear issue is a stumbling block to the peace process on the Korean Peninsula and the development of Northeast Asia. The North Korean nuclear issue has gone through series of ups and downs, including the six-party talks, several nuclear tests, the accelerated pace of nuclear tests by Kim, Jongun, a hydrogen bomb test, the launch of ICBM in 2017, and finally the “Pyeongchang Olympics” as the starting point for negotiations which aimed at denuclearization. The Chinese Academic Circle (CAC) has been paying attention to the North Korean nuclear issue since the beginning, and various research results were published. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the North Korean nuclear issue in CAC. Current literature gave enormous contribution to future research, however lack of statistics analysis. This paper, by using CiteSpace software to extract the CAC’s North Korean nuclear issue related literature, and through the deep mining the main factors of their scientific research institutions, authors, keywords, solves how CAC studied the Korean peninsula nuclear issue, what kind of development process they experienced, and what kind of characteristics they have. This paper finds that the academic circle in China has several core authors and core scientific research institutions in certain periods of the North Koran nuclear issue. And these researches can be divided into four different periods, and each period’s academic achievements have their own characteristics.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

In recent years, the rise of China and the strategic conflict between the U.S. and China have been used as the most important background for analyzing foreign affairs. The recent Middle East policy and situation in the U.S. can also be considered and analyzed in that context. In the 2000s, the U.S. achieved energy independence through the shale revolution, and then surpassed Saudi Arabia, a leading Middle East oil producer, became the world’s largest oil producer and oil exporter. As a result, there has been an increase in analysis that the interest and intervention of the US in the Middle East will be reduced in the future due to the global strategic adjustments and reductions. Furthermore, because of the isolationism in the early days of Trumps administration, the opinion that energy geopolitics, which has dominated the Middle East for decades, also need to change has increased. On the other hand, however, as the U.S. became increasingly active in Middle East affairs, the analysis of its background and impact also increased. This paper considers that the U.S. as active in Middle East as part of the strategic competition with China. The U.S. is trying to keep China in check, which is highly dependent on Middle East resources and is attempt to strengthen its influence in the Middle East. And from the perspective of U.S.-China strategic competition, it tried to analysis the Middle East policy and political circumstance in the U.S. during the Trump administration, China’s related perceptions and responses.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

This paper examines to analyze through empirical analysis how the import and export of Mekong sub-regions economies located in Southeast Asia affect economic development. Based on data from 1996 to 2019, comprehensive analysis of the Mekong sub-regions economies showed that exports to economic development and ODA had a profound effect. Empirical results showing, First, the model(1) was analyzed that export and ODA variables had a profound effect on GDP. Model(2) had the most significant effect on GDP and ODA to foreign direct investment, and model(3) had the most influence on GDP, FDI and ODA variables on Export. Model(4) showed that GDP, FDI, and ODA variables had the most influence on imports, while the final model(5) showed the most growth in GDP and FDI in ODA was confirmed to have an effect. The comparative analysis by country, FDI, export, import and ODA variables were analyzed as variables affecting economic growth in Cambodia. In Myanmar, foreign direct investment (FDI), export, and ODA variables affect economic growth. Export and ODA variable in Laos, exports in Thailand, and imports in Vietnam were found to have the most comprehensive impact on economic growth. Empirical analysis show that FDI and ODA were analyzed as the most important determinants for economic development in the Mekong sub-regions. It was essential to maintain the basis of economic growth. Also, it was analyzed that FDI and policy implementation on import and export have a profound effect on promoting economic development.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

China implemented reform and opening-up policies in 1978 and achieved unprecedented economic growth in the world. As a result of this economic growth, the welfare level of the Chinese people has improved rapidly. On the other hand, however, side effects of economic growth are emerging. Unemployment and inflation are very important among many economic indicators because they are the variables that have the greatest impact on people’s lives. Unemployment and inflation are especially negative factors for the economy as a whole. Arthur Okun used the combination of unemployment and inflation to create an Economic Misery Index that could simply measure the economic distress people feel in their lives. The Economic Misery Index is obtained by the sum of unemployment and inflation. The Economic Misery Index is used by the people to assess the quality of life. Therefore, this study analyzed whether China’s economic growth improved the quality of life of its people or increased economic pain by using The Economic Misery Index. The analysis results are as follows. First, along with China’s economic growth, economic misery index also declined. Second, the main factor in China’s economic misery index is inflation. Third, economic misery index in coastal areas was lower than in inland areas. Fourth, the difference between the economic misery index in coastal and inland areas is rapidly decreasing.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

China's interest rate system has been trying to shift from centralized state management to gradual marketization, slowly but persistently. As an important price signal of market economy, market interest rate not only affects the economic operation of the country at the macro level, but also directly affects the economic activities of enterprises and individuals at the micro level. In October 2013, China introduced the preferential interest rate(Loan Prime Rate, “LPR") system for loans, which aims to set banks' interest rate as the real market benchmark interest rate and to promote the market operation mechanism of the interest rate. However, as the existing lending banchmark interest rate that had previously been running in parallel continues to exceed the LPR rate level, the utilization of LPR interest rates in the bank window remains only at a very limited level. With the increase of economic uncertainty, the existing lending banchmark interest rate has shown many limitations in actively responding to the market interest rate linkage capital demand of enterprises and households under the global tendency of low interest rate. Chinese government in such a realistic understanding that the existing lending banchmark interest rate does not properly reflect real market interest rate, in order to ensure the effectiveness of monetary policy, launched a new loan preferential interest rate the new LPR system on 25th August 2019. According to some experts, through the new LPR, the bank's lending policy rate has actually replaced the existing benchmark lending rate, so it has achieved a meaningful market-oriented process. However, the determination mechanism of current lending rate in China, used as interest rate policy tools by central bank, have a direct effect on the new LPR, the new form of government dominance is still in operation. Open market operations such as reverse repurchase rate have an effect on the level of MLF(Medium-term Lending Facility) interest rates which also operated by central bank, and MLF interest rates once again affect LPR interest rates, accompanied by a combination of window guidance of the authorities, so there still has obvious tendency of the ‘government-led features'. As a result, measures such as the expansion of the new LPR notification banks(previous 10 to currently 18 banks) to calculate the average interest rate for the new LPR show the authorities' will to strengthen the market interest rate system. And yet, from the recent trend of a uniformed downward trend in interest rates, we can see that the determination mechanism of current interest rate is still behind the above-mentioned central bank tools reflected by the government policy intention.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

China became the biggest electric vehicle(EV) market in the world. So Chinese EV makers grow rapidly as major global players by using a huge domestic market and a strong government support. But Chinese EV startups are still on the concept car release step as of 2020. So this study reviews the value chain condition in the year 2017 and the year 2020 for five EV startups, NIO, Lucid Motors, Faraday Future, Karma and Byton, to check a missing part of the value chains. As a result, a missing part of the value chains turned out to be the EV manufacturing capability. The manufacturing knowhow is an intangible asset which is hard for the EV startups to copy easily because it requires a high level of quality control as much as that of ICE vehicle. In addition, the recent performance of Tesla also emphasizes the importance of manufacturing capability in the value chain of EV business. However, the current rivalry condition of China is to work as another entry barrier for the EV startups. Therefore, the EV startups will try to overcome two issues, the manufacturing capability and the severe rivalry condition through the strategic alliances with the existing vehicle makers of China. In this case, how they can keep the alliances relationships successfully and which equity structure is sustainable would be key issues.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

Recently, a fierce debate has been under way in the U.S. over changes in its policy toward China. The U.S. think tanks’ assessments of China’s national power and intention have become more diverse than before, and as a result, scholars’ policy proposals over what is the most desirable policy toward China also show distinct differences from continuing engagement and accommodation to competition and containment. This policy debate reflects the difference in perception on China’s rise. Thus, by analyzing the U.S. China policy debate, we can comprehend the perception and logic underlying the competing arguments regarding the U.S. policy towards China. This paper identifies two factors that influence the policy choices of the U.S. towards China. The first element is China’s intention, and the second element is the gap of national power between the U.S. and China. A analytical framework focusing on the perception of these two factors enables a more systematic and consistent understanding of the various policy alternatives and their underlying logic presented in the current policy debate. Based on this analytical framework, this paper analyzes the perception and logic underlying the four different policy options(continuous engagement, accommodation, competition, containment) presented in the U.S. China policy debate, and then, based on the analysis, it examines the Trump administration’s perception and policy logic towards China.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

This study analyzed the effects of GRDP and energy consumption in China on CO2 emissions using panel data from 22 provinces and 30 regions from 1995 to 2016. The panel analysis results are as follows. First, GRDP in 22 provinces and 30 regions showed a positive effect on CO2 emissions, showing that the current situation in China is positioned to the left of the inverted U-shaped Kuznets curve peak. Therefore, China’s economic growth is expected to continue to increase CO2 emissions. Second, in both groups, coal consumption (COAL) has the greatest impact on CO2 emissions. However, crude oil consumption (CR) and natural gas(NG) do not have statistically significant effects on CO2 emissions.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

Chinese government has permitted its local governments to issue bonds. At the initial stage, the local bonds were issued by the ministry of finance in the central government. Since 2015, however, the local bonds had been issued by local governments themselves. The local bond, if managed by strict market mechanism, could forbid local bureaus’ moral hazard and thus strengthen their fiscal states. Local governments’ past debts have been transformed to bonds successfully. The issuance of substitute bonds which are meant to substitute non-bonds debts to bonds have been finished in 2018. Since then, the debt succession would proceed in the form of substitution of refinance bonds with existing bonds. The annual size of local bonds have been relatively managed stably and the debt risks are not increasing by local bonds. However, the increase of project bonds should be detected as a risk source because they are not included in the public finance budgets. The increased volume of project bonds does not necessarily represent the increase of profitable projects. In addition, the local bonds should reflect their own risks but it is highly doubted in that all the local bonds so far have been issued with AAA grade. We found, however that the local bonds’ face values are related to their debt level at least to some degree. The transactions of local bonds are not active and done mostly by state owned banks. This kind of exclusive transactions are mirroring the unique characteristics of China’s financial sector and will not change in the near future.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel

This paper studies the awareness of consumer rights protection in China. Since China entered the era of full consumption in 1993, the level of Chinese consumers has improved roundly, and the total consumption has risen sharply while the issue of consumer rights protection has been highlighted. The purpose of this paper is to understand the current level of awareness of Chinese consumers rights and consciousness through the investigation of Chinese consumers, and the impact of consumer awareness on the protection of consumers rights and consciousness through the cognitive pathways and also how the awareness of consumer rights protection influences on the level of consumer protection Through the collation and analysis of the reference documents, it is found that Chinese consumers usually obtain information related to consumer rights protection through public opinion reports, education and learning, etc., and the acquisition of information is the most effective way to enhance the awareness of consumer rights protection, while the awareness of the protection of rights and consciousness will affect the protection level. Therefore, this paper studies the problem by raising a hypothesis and designing a model. Through analysis, we confirm that the public opinion report and education in the cognitive path have a significant impact on the protection of consumer rights. Secondly, the analysis results show that the right to know, fair trading rights and supervision rights in the awareness of consumer rights protection have a significant impact on the protection level. Therefore, this means that the effective dissemination of consumer rights protection information is extremely important. More abundant methods of communication and more effective tools of communication can have a better effect on raising awareness of consumer rights protection. The improvement of the awareness of consumer rights protection will increase the demand for the protection of consumers rights and consciousness, which will improve the overall consumption environment in China and the protection of consumers’ rights and consciousness. Therefore, China should pay more attention in these areas to enhance the overall consumption level of China.

• EndNote
• RefWorks
• Scholar's Aid
• BibTeX

Export Citation Cancel