Japan discharged Fukushima contaminated water into the sea, which will seriously threaten marine ecological safety and human life and health. In the face of pressure from all sides, Japan has set a buffer period for the discharge to prevent damage to its reputation, and invited the International Atomic Energy Agency and other regulatory authorities to inspect and monitor it. However, whether the existing international judicial mechanism can serve as an effective tool to curb and punish such an irresponsible decision of the Japanese government and prevent its subsequent actions needs to be evaluated in the light of the existing principles and obligations of international law, relevant treaty norms, state responsibility system, and dispute settlement mechanism, and other substantive and procedural issues, as well as international judicial practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility of various judicial remedies in dealing with the Japanese nuclear effluent discharge incident from the perspective of judicial settlement and to predict the outcome of the judgment, as a basis for trying to propose the most effective way to deal with the incident. Japan's nuclear effluent discharge threatens global public safety, and its solution must rely on international cooperation. As neighbors of Japan, China and South Korea have been active and clear in opposing the issue of nuclear effluent discharge, and both countries have taken measures in political, diplomatic, legal and public opinion aspects. On the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea, the two countries have a common goal and willingness to cooperate on the issue of Fukushima nuclear sewage discharge, and there is extensive room for cooperation in evidence collection, negotiation, supervision, judicial proceedings and other aspects. The exchange and cooperation between the two countries can lead the neighboring countries to deal with the impact and harm caused by the nuclear effluent, and promote and lead the initiatives of the global countries and related institutions to protect the rights, complaints and compensation, which are all of great significance to the marine environmental protection and the construction of the community of human destiny.
