The purpose of this study is to draw the background of the change from ‘Plan’ to ‘Guideline’ in the 5-year economic development plan in China that implementing since 1953. Also, derive the implications of the change through analysis of difference between 10th 5-year plan and 11th 5-year guideline(or program). As a result of the analysis, ‘Guideline’ is the future action plan and is more long-term, strategic, overall, and guidance than the ‘Plan’. The necessity of the Chinese government to change the ‘Plan’ into ‘Guideline’ is as follows: First, the internal factors of the economic system that has been gradually expanded since the introduction of the socialist market economy in 1994. Second, the ideology of the Communist Party changed, and it was due to the fact that the ruling party abandoned the vested interest in exercising supervisory control over state-owned Enterprises. Third, due to institutional change like adopting new National Development Planning Committee from old National Planning Committee. Fourth, the Chinese government has recognized that it is no longer possible to overcome the gap between urban and rural areas, the rich and poor between the coastal and inland areas, which have been deepened by the ‘Plan’. Therefore, in order to support the policy of the welfare sector represented by the harmonious society, it is necessary to approach the frame of ‘Guideline’ rather than the existing ‘Plan’. Lastly, the report which were shown through the accomplishments of the 10th 5-year plan and the 11th 5-year guideline, are excellent in the 11.5 period in the environment and the welfare sector.

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There is a general consensus among contemporary social scientists that social trust is important, for both social and political reasons. Social trust between citizens, it is said, contributes to a very wide range of phenomena, including economic growth and efficiency in market economics, stable and efficient democratic government, the equitable provision of public goods, social integration, co-operation and harmony. Trust is also said to be at the centre of a cluster of other concepts that are as important in social science theory as in practical daily life, including life satisfaction and happiness, optimism, well-being, health, economic prosperity, educational attainment, welfare, participation, community, civil society, and democracy. And, of course, social trust is a core component of social capital, and is normally used as a key indicator of it, sometimes as the best or only single indicator. This paper, based on world values survey wave 6 2010-2014 data, conducted an analysis on the present conditions of social trust in Korea, China and Japan, especially focus on the trust of people and institutions. And this paper conducted a qualitative analysis on how the characteristics of trust of people and institutions have influenced on general trust in Korea, China and Japan society.

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This paper analyzes the tourism industry’s impact to the regional economic development in China. This report used cointegration analysis and established the panel data base. It include 31 regions, from 2003 to 2013. The results show that domestic tourism income, international tourism foreign exchange earnings and economic growth presence of co-integration relationship. And the China Eastern and Western regions empirical result that two independent variables to the regional economic development have positive strong statistical significance, description eastern and western regions of the tourism industry to the economic development has an important influence. And the Middle region’s domestic tourism income variable has statistical significance, but international tourism foreign exchange earnings variable not have statistical significance. Northeast region two independent variables to the regional economic development not have statistical significance, and the regression coefficient is negative.

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Any economic and social activities are inseparable from a specific area, and in different regions often mean different development policies. China attaches great importance to the division of the region to a certain area in order to develop targeted policies. Currently, all provinces in China are divided into eastern, central, and western regions, 11 provinces in eastern region, 12 provinces in western region, and 8 provinces in central region. Since the founding, especially since the reform and opening up, China’s regional policy has undergone so many alternates between comprehensive development and focusing development, each policy adjustments have had a significant impact on the development of the relation region. Compared to the current administrative division, this article uses clustering methods to classify China provinces, and support vector machine for testing. The study found that three regions administrative division of China currently used cannot adapt to the actual development of the current situation, we must make the appropriate adjustments in order to provide a basis for the development of more targeted regional policy.

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Central & local governments of nations over the world are now pushing ahead with massive policy to foster culture industries based on the possibilities of local development caused by worldwide trend on ‘Creative Industry’ and ‘Creative Economy’ and economical ripple effect by culture industries. Among them, China has the fastest growing culture market based on the increasing consumption on culture industries due to economic boost. Worldwide attention on ‘Creative Economy’ is not only because that it creates an integrated value of art, culture, and society, but also it can create employment and wealth as well as qualitative change in national economic structure. Economic value of culture industry is being emphasized in dimension of strategic development. Especially to connect economic value of culture industry to actual local development, local government’s role is the most important. In this point of view, development of culture industry utilizing local and traditional culture resource has a major significance. Therefore, in this study, we investigate characteristics and development status of ceramic industry, major industry resource of Longquan city, Zhejiang province, China. Longquan Celadon is in the center of Chinese Ceramic industry which has progressed in limitless time for 1600 years. Especially, it had dramatically advanced through Northern & Southern Song Dynasties and Yuan Dynasty, and artistic image of ‘Longquan yao’ was established at the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. It has progressed in concern of numerous people ever since. Six(6) circumstantial reasons for ceramic industry to continue its prosper and cluster development formated in different types play a positive role in vitalizing local economy of Longquan city.

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习近平总书记在去年９月和１０月分别提出建设 “新丝绸之路经济带”和 “２１ 世纪海上丝绸之路”的战略构想, 强调相关各国要打造互利共赢的 “利益共同 体”和共同发展繁荣的 “命运共同体”。 “一带一路”倡议是中国为实现世界和平 稳定、发展繁荣提供的公共产品, 是大家携手前进的阳光大道。“一带一路”沿线 的国家与地区,尤其是欠发达国家与地区,渴望通过 “一带一路”战略,改善积弱的 基础设施建设,修建通往富庶和繁荣的道路。 韩国釜山对中国贸易依存度非常高的市场。现在釜山出口贸易继续萧条。正 经济萧条来了,釜山怎么办? 本研究目的是在 “一带一路”战略基础上, 对釜山会 有怎样的影响? 研究提出了解释釜山的一带一路战略实施计划与执行方案。 宁 波市和釜山市经济协力友好城市。宁波是港口城市, 是古代海上丝绸之路的必经 地。一带一路必然对宁波港北仑港港口发展带来好处, 还有对外贸易行业也会有 推动的吧。 在 “一带一路”建设中, 东北三省定位为中国向北开放的重要窗口。让 “一带 一路”成为老工业基地振兴的新起点, 期待新腾飞。中国珲春至韩国釜山陆海联 运航线2015年开通,吸引更多韩国资本进入中国东北地区。釜山 “一带一路”项目 整体发展战略建议方案。

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Since early 2000s leading ICT firms of China have succeeded in supplying low price products as well as diversifying their products. Some of them became global players beyond China. However there also exist skeptical arguments for their fast follower capabilities because the success of Chinese ICT firms resulted from just an imitation rather than the innovation. It would be meaningful to look into the diversification strategy because the innovation is closely concerned with the diversification. Accordingly this study looked into the diversification strategy and the performance of Chinese leading ICT firms; Huawei, ZTE, BYD, Tencent and Midea. To do so the managerial performance trend of each firm was reviewed and key features were picked out. In addition diversification condition and type of each firm was analyzed. In result the internal capabilities of leading ICT firms turned out to be two points; the rapid responsiveness for local demands and the flexible organization structure for diversification. However the domestic market centered business and the imitation oriented innovation would hinder the sustainable growth of these firms.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the development process and the change for the participating parties from the leader of the first generation up to the fifth generation and to research political influence expansion strategy of the participating party of China under the Chinese Communist Party system since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. The participating party of China that was created as of 1930 could be analyzed to provide the basis of development of political parties of China by the roles, emergence process of the parties as a variety of forms and the relationship setup with the Communist party in process of the establishment of minor parties as political parties except only the governing party, the Communist Party, in China through factor analyzing method and correlation analysis. Also, since the death of Mao Zedong and the reform and opening up of Chinese economy by Deng Xiaoping in 1976, the participating party was figured out that it has typified on the role of the responsible political parties. Currently, to outward appearances, eight minor parties keep remarkably showing more and more roles as the political party etc working in the various fields of the political system in China. In this situation, participating parties in China have made many changes according to China’s leaders and their cognizance change. Especially participating parties’ role has undergone many changes depending on the variation of the leadership of the ruling party from Mao Zhedong up to the Xi Jinping respectively and it also has been demonstrated the political influence as various forms of the political party. In the future, China’s minor political parties have been analyzed that they could be extinguished, absorbed and integrated by changes of the Chinese ruling party, the Communist Party’s policy moto by realistic policy than any ideology. Under the special political system and party political situation of China, it presented ways that can be extended to their political influence for the minor parties somewhat limited in political participation in the political arena reflecting various activators such as the strengthening of supervisory authorities, the legal requirements of the Parties’ role, training of specialized human resource etc.

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The urbanization plan of the Chinese government has worked to solve urban problems and promote economic growth. This article discusses the construction of smart cities, which is one of the Chinese government’s urbanization plans. This new-type urbanization in China aims to improve the efficiency of urban services, reduce costs and resource consumption, improve contact between citizens and the government and promote economic growth. The smart city plan is a noteworthy branch of new-type urbanization because it strives to build cooperation among the government, companies and society and to build congruent local policies between every single city. The Chinese national innovation system focuses on combining a central governmental role with a public-private partnership innovation program. However, the role of the Chinese government is even more important when private companies hesitate to invest in research and development because it is too hard to recoup funds quickly in the early stages of technical development. Although this cooperation system among the government, companies and society has already been established, the Chinese national system is not ruled by the private sector but by a central government. Therefore, the government’s authority to control and launch new technology in urban areas will be more significant.

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The purpose of this study verifies the relationships between Servant Leadership and all sub-factors of Psychological Empowerment, and Authentic Leadership and all sub-factors of Psychological Empowerment in Korea and China. In order to investigate the relationships, data obtained from 248 employees in Korea at Seoul/Gyeonggi-do and 229 employees in China at Beijing/Hebei province. A technique used in analyzing data was regression. The paper summarizes a concept of Servant Leadership, Authentic Leadership and Psychological Empowerment by following an in depth analysis of former theories. The summary of the study results are as the following. First, Servant Leadership exhibits relationships with all sub-factors of empowerment in Chinese employees. It shows relationships with ‘meaning’, ‘self-determination’ and ‘impact’ of empowerment but ‘competence’ in Korean employees. Second, Authentic Leadership plays a significant role in the formation of all sub-factors of empowerment in Chinese employees. Also, Authentic Leadership plays an important role in the formation of ‘self-determination’, ‘meaning’ and ‘impact’ of empowerment but ‘competence’ in Korean employees. With the result of this study, Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership has more impacts on Psychological Empowerment in China than in Korea. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of the study were presented including directions for future studies.

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