Guided by the Compulsory Education Labor Curriculum Standards, this paper takes Shanghai Y Primary School as an example to deeply explore the implementation status and optimization strategies of the labor education curriculum for primary school students. The study found that although the goal system of China's labor education curriculum is comprehensive and specific, it still faces many problems in the actual implementation process. The article first reviews the development process of China's labor education, points out the transformation of labor education from the initial integration into other subjects to independent courses, and emphasizes its importance in the comprehensive development of the education system. Then, through field interviews and data analysis of Y Primary School, the current status of the implementation of the labor education curriculum for primary school students is revealed, including problems in curriculum goal design, content arrangement and teaching methods. Specific problems include neglect of the values of labor education, incomplete and overly superficial curriculum content design, and insufficient support for students' labor experience. In response to these problems, this paper proposes optimization strategies, including optimizing curriculum goal design, rationally using curriculum resources to innovate curriculum content, and strengthening the scientific nature of teaching organization, aiming to improve the implementation effect of the labor education curriculum and promote the all-round development of students. Finally, the article emphasizes the necessity of further strengthening policy guidance and practical exploration, in order to continuously improve the labor education curriculum system and lay a solid foundation for improving students' comprehensive quality. Through the research in this article, empirical basis and theoretical support are provided for the optimization of primary school labor education curriculum.